Study of soft handover in UMTS

[Sergey]

may be interested for anybody.
Stijn N. P. Van Cauwenberge, 2003, p.143

http://oldwww.com.dtu.dk/research/networks/opnet/UMTS_handover.pdf

Contents
Chapter 1........................................................................................................................1
Introduction...................................................................................................................1
1.1 Cellular networks ...........................................................................................2
1.2 The handover concept ....................................................................................3
1.3 Network modelling ........................................................................................5
1.4 Overview........................................................................................................5
References..................................................................................................................7
Chapter 2........................................................................................................................8
Universal Mobile Telecommunication System..............................................................8
2.1 Network architecture......................................................................................9
2.1.1 WCDMA Physical Layer.....................................................................10
2.1.2 Network elements ................................................................................21
2.1.3 Core network architecture....................................................................25
2.2 Handovers ....................................................................................................28
2.2.1 Hard handover......................................................................................29
2.2.2 Inter-system handover..........................................................................31
2.2.3 Soft and softer handover ......................................................................32
2.2.3.1 3G TR 25.922...................................................................................34
2.2.4 Demo simulation..................................................................................40
2.3 Summary......................................................................................................43
References................................................................................................................46
Chapter 3......................................................................................................................48
Network modelling ......................................................................................................48
3.1 OPNETÒ Modeler ........................................................................................49
3.1.1 Network layer.......................................................................................49
3.1.2 Node layer............................................................................................50
3.1.3 Process layer ........................................................................................51
3.1.4 OPNETÒ UMTS model .......................................................................52
3.2 Network modelling ......................................................................................54
3.2.1 SIM1–SIM4: Moving user...................................................................54
3.2.2 SIM5 & SIM6: Static model ................................................................55
3.2.3 CASE1–CASE3: Capacity & Coverage Constraints ...........................56
3.2.4 General.................................................................................................58
3.3 Summary......................................................................................................62
References................................................................................................................65
Chapter 4......................................................................................................................66
Soft handover probability ............................................................................................66
4.1 Soft Handover probabilities .........................................................................67
4.2 Soft Handover Threshold and Cell Size.......................................................68
4.2.1 SIM 1 ...................................................................................................69

4.2.2 SIM 2,3&4 ...........................................................................................73
4.3 Distance to Node B: SIM5...........................................................................81
4.4 Probability over one cell ..............................................................................83
4.4.1 Mathematical model.............................................................................86
4.5 Conclusions..................................................................................................89
References................................................................................................................92
Chapter 5......................................................................................................................93
Capacity & Coverage...................................................................................................93
5.1 Capacity vs. Coverage .................................................................................94
5.2 Coverage ......................................................................................................99
5.2.1 Uplink-Downlink ...............................................................................103
5.3 Capacity and soft handovers ......................................................................104
5.3.1 Soft Capacity......................................................................................105
5.3.2 Soft Handover Overhead....................................................................110
5.3.3 Average interference per cell .............................................................111
5.3.1 Uplink-Downlink ...............................................................................113
5.4 Summary....................................................................................................114
References..............................................................................................................117
Chapter 6....................................................................................................................118
Conclusions................................................................................................................118
6.1 UMTS ........................................................................................................118
6.2 Network Modelling....................................................................................119
6.3 Soft handover Probabilities..............................................................................120
6.4 Capacity & Coverage.................................................................................122
6.5 Future work................................................................................................123
Appendix A................................................................................................................125
Coding........................................................................................................................125
Appendix B................................................................................................................127
UTRA Channels.........................................................................................................127
Appendix C................................................................................................................130

Flowchart of WCDMA soft handover algorithm.......................................................130

[seedweb]

[QUOTE=Sergey;120571]may be interested for anybody.
[FONT=Times-Roman][SIZE=6][FONT=Times-Roman][SIZE=2]Stijn N. P. Van Cauwenberge, 2003, p.143

http://oldwww.com.dtu.dk/research/networks/opnet/UMTS_handover.pdf

thanks，guy，i like it！

[telecom01]

may be interested for anybody.
Stijn N. P. Van Cauwenberge, 2003, p.143

http://oldwww.com.dtu.dk/research/networks/opnet/UMTS_handover.pdf

Contents
Chapter 1........................................................................................................................1
Introduction...................................................................................................................1
1.1 Cellular networks ...........................................................................................2
1.2 The handover concept ....................................................................................3
1.3 Network modelling ........................................................................................5
1.4 Overview........................................................................................................5
References..................................................................................................................7
Chapter 2........................................................................................................................8
Universal Mobile Telecommunication System..............................................................8
2.1 Network architecture......................................................................................9
2.1.1 WCDMA Physical Layer.....................................................................10
2.1.2 Network elements ................................................................................21
2.1.3 Core network architecture....................................................................25
2.2 Handovers ....................................................................................................28
2.2.1 Hard handover......................................................................................29
2.2.2 Inter-system handover..........................................................................31
2.2.3 Soft and softer handover ......................................................................32
2.2.3.1 3G TR 25.922...................................................................................34
2.2.4 Demo simulation..................................................................................40
2.3 Summary......................................................................................................43
References................................................................................................................46
Chapter 3......................................................................................................................48
Network modelling ......................................................................................................48
3.1 OPNETÒ Modeler ........................................................................................49
3.1.1 Network layer.......................................................................................49
3.1.2 Node layer............................................................................................50
3.1.3 Process layer ........................................................................................51
3.1.4 OPNETÒ UMTS model .......................................................................52
3.2 Network modelling ......................................................................................54
3.2.1 SIM1–SIM4: Moving user...................................................................54
3.2.2 SIM5 & SIM6: Static model ................................................................55
3.2.3 CASE1–CASE3: Capacity & Coverage Constraints ...........................56
3.2.4 General.................................................................................................58
3.3 Summary......................................................................................................62
References................................................................................................................65
Chapter 4......................................................................................................................66
Soft handover probability ............................................................................................66
4.1 Soft Handover probabilities .........................................................................67
4.2 Soft Handover Threshold and Cell Size.......................................................68
4.2.1 SIM 1 ...................................................................................................69

4.2.2 SIM 2,3&4 ...........................................................................................73
4.3 Distance to Node B: SIM5...........................................................................81
4.4 Probability over one cell ..............................................................................83
4.4.1 Mathematical model.............................................................................86
4.5 Conclusions..................................................................................................89
References................................................................................................................92
Chapter 5......................................................................................................................93
Capacity & Coverage...................................................................................................93
5.1 Capacity vs. Coverage .................................................................................94
5.2 Coverage ......................................................................................................99
5.2.1 Uplink-Downlink ...............................................................................103
5.3 Capacity and soft handovers ......................................................................104
5.3.1 Soft Capacity......................................................................................105
5.3.2 Soft Handover Overhead....................................................................110
5.3.3 Average interference per cell .............................................................111
5.3.1 Uplink-Downlink ...............................................................................113
5.4 Summary....................................................................................................114
References..............................................................................................................117
Chapter 6....................................................................................................................118
Conclusions................................................................................................................118
6.1 UMTS ........................................................................................................118
6.2 Network Modelling....................................................................................119
6.3 Soft handover Probabilities..............................................................................120
6.4 Capacity & Coverage.................................................................................122
6.5 Future work................................................................................................123
Appendix A................................................................................................................125
Coding........................................................................................................................125
Appendix B................................................................................................................127
UTRA Channels.........................................................................................................127
Appendix C................................................................................................................130

Flowchart of WCDMA soft handover algorithm.......................................................130

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