primig
2014-11-03, 11:11 AM
Some useful Articles & White Papers for those interested in what goes on between the BS RX/TX connectors and the antenna cables:
Understanding, Maintaining & Re-Tuning Antenna Duplexers
Duplexer, Defined:
Duplexer Applications
Duplexer Types
Performance Comparisons
Band Pass Type
Band Reject (Pass/Notch) Types:
Special Duplexer Types
Mobile Duplexers
Duplexer Maintenance
About Cavity Resonators
Cavity Comparisons
Tuning or Re-tuning Duplexers
Test Equipment Requirements
What Does SWR, VSR And Return Loss Mean?
Test Accessories.
Tuning or Re-tuning Cavities
Tuning Multiple Cavities, Tuning Duplexers
Summary
Errata
Methods of Tuning Cavity Resonators According to Application
Forward
What is a Cavity Resonator?
Characteristics of Cavity Resonators
Cavity Resonator Types
Practical Band Pass Cavity Applications
Test Equipment Set-Up Required for Correct Cavity Tuning
Tuning & Adjusting Band Pass Cavity Resonators
Tuning & Adjusting Pass Notch Cavities
Behavior of Multiple Cavity Combinations
Tuning Cavities With Other Test Equipment
Ferrite-Filter Transmitter Combiners
History of the Design
Cavity Resonators
The Star Junction
Line Segment Combiners
Star and Line Segment Comparisons
More About Channel To Channel Spacings
Practical Maximum Frequency Spacings
Some Combining Examples
Combiner Antenna Adjacencies
Installation Notes
Maintaining Combiners and Systems
Frequency Changes
RECEIVER MULTICOUPLER AND R.F. PRESELECTORS
General
Operating Theory
Preselector
Amplifiers
Power Dividers
Power Supplies
EMR “Tower Topper” Receive Multicoupler
General Operation
Adjustments
Antenna System
Cabling
Unused Ports
Expansion
Interference Analysis
Operating Spares
The Fifty Ohm Enigma
Background Information.
Typical Transmitting Systems
Where Losses Occur In Transmitting Systems
A Close Look At Coaxial Cables
Dielectric Properties
The Realism of Impedance Matching
The Anatomy of Exciters
Typical Solid State Amplifiers
Cable Velocity Factor Considerations
Loss Due To Thermal Effects
About Antennas
The Effect of Long Coaxial Lines
Coaxial Line Segments As “Repeater” Sections and “Stubs.”
Complex Impedance Characteristics
More Radio Frequency Basics
Signal Radiation From And Between Transmission Lines
Transmission Lines As Impedance Transformers and Matching Devices
A Line Matcher
Understanding Hybrid-Filter Transmitter Combiners
Introduction
Commonly Used Hybrid Coupler Types
Hybrid – Ferrite Combining Designs
A Practical, Proven Design Example
4, 8 Or More Combined Transmitters
Regarding Hybrid Combiner Power Loss
Special Hybrid Combiner Systems
Ordering Hybrid-Ferrite Combiners
Installing Hybrid – Ferrite Combiners
Tuning Hybrid – Ferrite Combiners
Maintaining Hybrid-Ferrite Combiners
Unique Hybrid-Ferrite Combining Systems,Errata:
Conclusion
Receiver Multicoupler & R.F. Preselectors
Receiver Multicoupler Essentials
Benefits Of Multicoupling
Practical Preselector Responses
Preamplifier Characteristics
Signal Power Dividers
Tower Top Systems
Arrangement of components of a Tower Top Multicoupler System
Reliability of Tower Top Systems
Tower Top Redundant Systems
Other Multicoupler Considerations
Installation Notes
The Care and Feeding of the R.F. Isolator
Introduction
What Are R.F. Isolators?
Isolators: What they are, how they work
Circulator and Isolator Types
Higher Power Isolators
System Applications
Calculating I.M. Signal Levels
Where The I.M. Product is Actually Generated
Getting Needed System Isolations
Other Sources of I.M. Products
About Cavity Resonators
Isolator-Cavity Combinations
Some Do’s And Don’t In The Application of Isolators
Power Input VS: Duty Cycle
Effects of Temperature On Isolators
Sizing Load Terminations
Physical Placement of Isolators
More About Transmitter P.A. Stages
Isolator Harmonic Suppression
Band Pass & Pass-Reject Cavities
Isolators as Band Pass Filters
Multi-frequency Transmitters
Isolators as T-R Switches
Using Isolators in Digital Systems
Use of Analog and Digital Systems on Common Sites
Understanding, Maintaining & Re-Tuning Antenna Duplexers
Duplexer, Defined:
Duplexer Applications
Duplexer Types
Performance Comparisons
Band Pass Type
Band Reject (Pass/Notch) Types:
Special Duplexer Types
Mobile Duplexers
Duplexer Maintenance
About Cavity Resonators
Cavity Comparisons
Tuning or Re-tuning Duplexers
Test Equipment Requirements
What Does SWR, VSR And Return Loss Mean?
Test Accessories.
Tuning or Re-tuning Cavities
Tuning Multiple Cavities, Tuning Duplexers
Summary
Errata
Methods of Tuning Cavity Resonators According to Application
Forward
What is a Cavity Resonator?
Characteristics of Cavity Resonators
Cavity Resonator Types
Practical Band Pass Cavity Applications
Test Equipment Set-Up Required for Correct Cavity Tuning
Tuning & Adjusting Band Pass Cavity Resonators
Tuning & Adjusting Pass Notch Cavities
Behavior of Multiple Cavity Combinations
Tuning Cavities With Other Test Equipment
Ferrite-Filter Transmitter Combiners
History of the Design
Cavity Resonators
The Star Junction
Line Segment Combiners
Star and Line Segment Comparisons
More About Channel To Channel Spacings
Practical Maximum Frequency Spacings
Some Combining Examples
Combiner Antenna Adjacencies
Installation Notes
Maintaining Combiners and Systems
Frequency Changes
RECEIVER MULTICOUPLER AND R.F. PRESELECTORS
General
Operating Theory
Preselector
Amplifiers
Power Dividers
Power Supplies
EMR “Tower Topper” Receive Multicoupler
General Operation
Adjustments
Antenna System
Cabling
Unused Ports
Expansion
Interference Analysis
Operating Spares
The Fifty Ohm Enigma
Background Information.
Typical Transmitting Systems
Where Losses Occur In Transmitting Systems
A Close Look At Coaxial Cables
Dielectric Properties
The Realism of Impedance Matching
The Anatomy of Exciters
Typical Solid State Amplifiers
Cable Velocity Factor Considerations
Loss Due To Thermal Effects
About Antennas
The Effect of Long Coaxial Lines
Coaxial Line Segments As “Repeater” Sections and “Stubs.”
Complex Impedance Characteristics
More Radio Frequency Basics
Signal Radiation From And Between Transmission Lines
Transmission Lines As Impedance Transformers and Matching Devices
A Line Matcher
Understanding Hybrid-Filter Transmitter Combiners
Introduction
Commonly Used Hybrid Coupler Types
Hybrid – Ferrite Combining Designs
A Practical, Proven Design Example
4, 8 Or More Combined Transmitters
Regarding Hybrid Combiner Power Loss
Special Hybrid Combiner Systems
Ordering Hybrid-Ferrite Combiners
Installing Hybrid – Ferrite Combiners
Tuning Hybrid – Ferrite Combiners
Maintaining Hybrid-Ferrite Combiners
Unique Hybrid-Ferrite Combining Systems,Errata:
Conclusion
Receiver Multicoupler & R.F. Preselectors
Receiver Multicoupler Essentials
Benefits Of Multicoupling
Practical Preselector Responses
Preamplifier Characteristics
Signal Power Dividers
Tower Top Systems
Arrangement of components of a Tower Top Multicoupler System
Reliability of Tower Top Systems
Tower Top Redundant Systems
Other Multicoupler Considerations
Installation Notes
The Care and Feeding of the R.F. Isolator
Introduction
What Are R.F. Isolators?
Isolators: What they are, how they work
Circulator and Isolator Types
Higher Power Isolators
System Applications
Calculating I.M. Signal Levels
Where The I.M. Product is Actually Generated
Getting Needed System Isolations
Other Sources of I.M. Products
About Cavity Resonators
Isolator-Cavity Combinations
Some Do’s And Don’t In The Application of Isolators
Power Input VS: Duty Cycle
Effects of Temperature On Isolators
Sizing Load Terminations
Physical Placement of Isolators
More About Transmitter P.A. Stages
Isolator Harmonic Suppression
Band Pass & Pass-Reject Cavities
Isolators as Band Pass Filters
Multi-frequency Transmitters
Isolators as T-R Switches
Using Isolators in Digital Systems
Use of Analog and Digital Systems on Common Sites