aubidamax
2012-11-13, 10:28 PM
hi all
CONTENTSSummary.................................................................................................................................................. 4
INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................... 4
1 Antenna Fundamentals..................................................................................................................... 6
1.1 Base Station Antenna Types and Evolution .............................................................................. 8
1.2 Reconfigurable Beam Antenna................................................................................................11
1.3 Integrated Radio/Antenna........................................................................................................13
1.4 Active Antenna System (AAS) Technology .............................................................................17
1.5 High Gain Antennas for Wide Area .........................................................................................22
1.6 Commercial Antenna Types Supplied – One Vendor..............................................................27
2 MIMO with LTE ...............................................................................................................................30
2.1 LTE Downlink MIMO Basics ....................................................................................................31
2.2 Antennas for MIMO..................................................................................................................38
2.3 Antenna Array Calibration........................................................................................................47
3 Reconfigurable Beam Antennas .....................................................................................................52
3.1 How Reconfigurable Beam Antennas Work ............................................................................52
3.2 Use Cases of Reconfigurable Beam Antennas in 3G Networks .............................................53
3.3 Comparison of RET, 2D, and 3D Reconfigurable Beam Antennas.........................................55
3.4 Measurement of Coverage, Interference, and Load Balancing with Reconfigurable Beam Antennas ..................55
3.5 Network Optimization Versus Load Balancing ........................................................................57
3.6 Antenna Beam width Distribution ............................................................................................58
3.7 Reconfigurable Beam Antennas – Cyclical Traffic Pattern Management ...............................59
3.8 Reconfigurable Beam Antenna Summary ...............................................................................60
4 Deployment Scenarios....................................................................................................................61
4.1 Typical Cell Site Architecture...................................................................................................61
4.2 Current Deployments...............................................................................................................65
5 Small Cells and HetNet Deployment ..............................................................................................71
6 Miscellaneous Commercial and Deployment Issues ......................................................................75
6.1 Constraints on the Antenna Deployments due to Commercial Considerations ......................75
6.2 Electrical and Mechanical Tilting of Antennas.........................................................................76
6.3 Passive Intermodulation (PIM) Site Considerations ................................................................90
6.4 Independent Antenna Tilt Optimization by Air Interface ..........................................................91
6.5 Remote Radio Heads for MIMO ..............................................................................................92
6.6 Cable Tradeoffs for Remote Radio Heads ..............................................................................96
6.7 Co-Siting of Multiple Base Stations and Technologies..........................................................103
6.8 Indoor Distributed Antenna System — MIMO Coverage.......................................................115
7 Terminal Antennas........................................................................................................................117
7.1 Prospects and Characteristics of Multiple Antennas in Terminals ........................................117
7.2 UE Performance at 750 MHz with MIMO ..............................................................................121
7.3 Current Status of terminal antennas......................................................................................125
Definitions and Acronymns ..................................................................................................................128
References ...........................................................................................................................................133
link:http://www.4gamericas.org/documents/MIMO%20and%20Smart%20Antennas%20for%20Mobile%20Broadband%20Systems%20Oct%202012x.pdf
CONTENTSSummary.................................................................................................................................................. 4
INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................... 4
1 Antenna Fundamentals..................................................................................................................... 6
1.1 Base Station Antenna Types and Evolution .............................................................................. 8
1.2 Reconfigurable Beam Antenna................................................................................................11
1.3 Integrated Radio/Antenna........................................................................................................13
1.4 Active Antenna System (AAS) Technology .............................................................................17
1.5 High Gain Antennas for Wide Area .........................................................................................22
1.6 Commercial Antenna Types Supplied – One Vendor..............................................................27
2 MIMO with LTE ...............................................................................................................................30
2.1 LTE Downlink MIMO Basics ....................................................................................................31
2.2 Antennas for MIMO..................................................................................................................38
2.3 Antenna Array Calibration........................................................................................................47
3 Reconfigurable Beam Antennas .....................................................................................................52
3.1 How Reconfigurable Beam Antennas Work ............................................................................52
3.2 Use Cases of Reconfigurable Beam Antennas in 3G Networks .............................................53
3.3 Comparison of RET, 2D, and 3D Reconfigurable Beam Antennas.........................................55
3.4 Measurement of Coverage, Interference, and Load Balancing with Reconfigurable Beam Antennas ..................55
3.5 Network Optimization Versus Load Balancing ........................................................................57
3.6 Antenna Beam width Distribution ............................................................................................58
3.7 Reconfigurable Beam Antennas – Cyclical Traffic Pattern Management ...............................59
3.8 Reconfigurable Beam Antenna Summary ...............................................................................60
4 Deployment Scenarios....................................................................................................................61
4.1 Typical Cell Site Architecture...................................................................................................61
4.2 Current Deployments...............................................................................................................65
5 Small Cells and HetNet Deployment ..............................................................................................71
6 Miscellaneous Commercial and Deployment Issues ......................................................................75
6.1 Constraints on the Antenna Deployments due to Commercial Considerations ......................75
6.2 Electrical and Mechanical Tilting of Antennas.........................................................................76
6.3 Passive Intermodulation (PIM) Site Considerations ................................................................90
6.4 Independent Antenna Tilt Optimization by Air Interface ..........................................................91
6.5 Remote Radio Heads for MIMO ..............................................................................................92
6.6 Cable Tradeoffs for Remote Radio Heads ..............................................................................96
6.7 Co-Siting of Multiple Base Stations and Technologies..........................................................103
6.8 Indoor Distributed Antenna System — MIMO Coverage.......................................................115
7 Terminal Antennas........................................................................................................................117
7.1 Prospects and Characteristics of Multiple Antennas in Terminals ........................................117
7.2 UE Performance at 750 MHz with MIMO ..............................................................................121
7.3 Current Status of terminal antennas......................................................................................125
Definitions and Acronymns ..................................................................................................................128
References ...........................................................................................................................................133
link:http://www.4gamericas.org/documents/MIMO%20and%20Smart%20Antennas%20for%20Mobile%20Broadband%20Systems%20Oct%202012x.pdf