LTE RF Planning Guideline

[louvre]

Hi,

Please find the RF planning guidelines from Motorolla. I was reading through it and found it interesting read and someone of us has been looking for such a Guide.

Appreciate some reputation for it.

Nsn@12345678

[yhussain110]

Hi,

Please find the RF planning guidelines from Motorolla. I was reading through it and found it interesting read and someone of us has been looking for such a Guide.

Appreciate some reputation for it.

Nsn@12345678

There is a error in the zip file. cannot extract

[louvre]

I downloaded from here and check it!! it works fine. :)

[jbada]

Hi,

Could you please provide us more information about it, like contents, pag,...?

Thanks

[louvre]

Here is the Table of content.

Table of Contents
1. HOW TO USE THIS GUIDE............................................................................... 21
1.1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 21
1.2. DOCUMENT SCOPE ........................................................................................... 22
1.3. QUICK GUIDE TO CONTENTS.............................................................................. 22
2. LTE AIR INTERFACE OVERVIEW AND BASIC SPECTRUM PLANNING........ 24
2.1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 24
2.2. AIR INTERFACE OVERVIEW ................................................................................ 24
2.2.1. OFDMA .................................................................................................... 24
2.2.2. Number of Subcarriers ............................................................................. 24
2.2.3. Symbol Size ............................................................................................. 25
2.2.4. Subcarrier Types ...................................................................................... 26
2.2.5. Frames ..................................................................................................... 26
2.2.5.1. FDD - Type 1 Frame............................................................................. 27
2.2.5.2. TDD - Type 2 Frame............................................................................. 29
2.2.5.3. FDD-TDD Frame Summary .................................................................. 31
2.2.6. UL Allocation (SC-FDMA)......................................................................... 32
2.2.7. Modulation Techniques ............................................................................ 33
2.2.8. Error Correction........................................................................................ 33
2.2.9. LTE Overview Summary........................................................................... 33
2.3. BASIC SPECTRUM PLANNING ............................................................................. 34
2.3.1. Operating Bands ...................................................................................... 34
2.3.2. Channel Bandwidths................................................................................. 36
2.3.3. Channel Spacing ...................................................................................... 38
2.3.4. Guard Band Considerations ..................................................................... 41
2.3.5. Additional Spectrum Information .............................................................. 42
2.3.5.1. United States ........................................................................................ 42
2.3.5.2. Outside of the United States................................................................. 47
2.4. REFERENCES ................................................................................................... 48
3. RF LINK BUDGET.............................................................................................. 49
3.1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 49
3.2. LTE RF LINK BUDGET....................................................................................... 52
3.2.1. Effective Radiated Power ......................................................................... 53
3.2.1.1. Transmit RF Power............................................................................... 54
3.2.1.2. Transmit Diversity Gain ........................................................................ 54
3.2.1.3. Tx RF Line Loss.................................................................................... 54
3.2.1.4. Transmit Antenna Gain......................................................................... 56
3.2.1.5. Transmit Adaptive Array Gain............................................................... 57
3.2.2. Effective Receiver Faded Sensitivity ........................................................ 58
3.2.2.1. Thermal Noise ...................................................................................... 59
3.2.2.2. Subcarrier ............................................................................................. 59
3.2.2.3. Noise Figure ......................................................................................... 60
3.2.2.4. Ambient Noise ...................................................................................... 63
3.2.2.5. SNR...................................................................................................... 63
3.2.2.6. Implementation Margin ......................................................................... 65
3.2.2.7. Fast Fading........................................................................................... 66
3.2.2.8. Receive Diversity Gain ......................................................................... 67
3.2.2.9. HARQ Gain........................................................................................... 68
3.2.2.10. Receive Antenna Gain........................................................................ 69
3.2.2.11. Rx RF Line Loss ................................................................................. 69
3.2.3. System Gain............................................................................................. 70
3.2.3.1. Building Loss ........................................................................................ 70
3.2.3.2. Vehicle Loss ......................................................................................... 81
3.2.3.3. Body Loss............................................................................................. 81
3.2.3.4. Foliage Loss ......................................................................................... 82
3.2.3.5. Interference Margin............................................................................... 83
3.2.3.6. Log Normal Margin ............................................................................... 84
3.2.3.7. Maximum Allowable Pathloss ............................................................... 90
3.3. LIMITING RF LINK.............................................................................................. 90
3.4. SUBSCRIBER TYPES.......................................................................................... 91
3.4.1. Fixed versus Mobile.................................................................................. 91
3.5. BASE STATION TYPES ....................................................................................... 92
3.5.1. Remote Radio Head................................................................................. 93
3.5.2. Frame Based............................................................................................ 94
3.6. REFERENCE ..................................................................................................... 95
3.6.1. Watts to dB Conversion............................................................................ 95
3.6.2. Log-Normal Fade Margin.......................................................................... 96
4. RF PROPAGATION MODELS ........................................................................... 97
4.1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 97
4.2. FREE SPACE .................................................................................................... 98
4.3. HATA ............................................................................................................. 100
4.3.1. Model Equations..................................................................................... 100
4.3.2. Example ................................................................................................. 101
4.3.3. References ............................................................................................. 102
4.4. COST-231 HATA ........................................................................................... 102
4.4.1. Model Equations..................................................................................... 103
4.4.2. Example ................................................................................................. 104
4.4.3. References ............................................................................................. 104
4.5. ERCEG-GREENSTEIN....................................................................................... 105
4.5.1. Model Equations..................................................................................... 105
4.5.2. Example ................................................................................................. 106
4.5.3. References ............................................................................................. 107
4.6. COMPARISON OF MODELS ............................................................................... 107
4.7. SEMI-DETERMINISTIC MODELS......................................................................... 110
4.8. RAY TRACING MODEL...................................................................................... 114
4.9. FACTORS IMPACTING PROPAGATION MODELS ................................................... 114
4.9.1. Frequency .............................................................................................. 114
4.9.2. Antenna Heights..................................................................................... 116
4.10. LIMITATIONS TO COVERAGE ............................................................................. 120
4.10.1. PRACH Constraints................................................................................ 120
4.10.2. Preamble Generation ............................................................................. 121
4.10.3. Uplink - Downlink Frame Timing............................................................. 123
5. LTE CAPACITY................................................................................................ 125
5.1. LTE FRAME STRUCTURES ............................................................................... 125
5.1.1. FDD Frame Structure ............................................................................. 125
5.1.2. TDD LTE Frame Structure...................................................................... 128
5.2. LAYER 1 OVERHEADS...................................................................................... 129
5.2.1. Downlink Throughput.............................................................................. 131
5.2.2. Uplink Throughput .................................................................................. 140
5.2.3. TDD Capacity ......................................................................................... 144
5.2.4. Other Overhead Messages .................................................................... 146
5.3. PEAK INSTANTANEOUS THROUGHPUT ............................................................... 149
5.4. MAXIMUM SUSTAINABLE THROUGHPUT & RETRANSMISSIONS ............................. 151
5.5. CAPACITY AND MPR AND CINR DISTRIBUTIONS................................................ 152
5.6. MAC SCHEDULER........................................................................................... 153
5.7. REFERENCE CAPACITY FIGURES ...................................................................... 156
5.8. ANTENNA SCHEMES ........................................................................................ 161
5.9. SYSTEM SPECTRAL EFFICIENCY (BPS/HZ)......................................................... 165
5.10. WORKLOAD MODELING.................................................................................... 166
5.11. REFERENCES ................................................................................................. 167
6. RF ANTENNA SYSTEMS ................................................................................ 168
6.1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 168
6.2. ANTENNA PARAMETERS................................................................................... 169
6.2.1. Antenna Gain ......................................................................................... 169
6.2.2. Physical Size .......................................................................................... 170
6.2.3. Voltage Standing Wave Ratio................................................................. 170
6.2.4. Power Rating.......................................................................................... 171
6.2.5. Antenna Polarization .............................................................................. 171
6.2.6. Antenna Beamwidth ............................................................................... 171
6.2.7. Front to Back Ratio................................................................................. 173
6.2.8. Side and Back Lobes.............................................................................. 174
6.2.9. Downtilt................................................................................................... 175
6.2.10. CPE Antenna Variations......................................................................... 184
6.3. SMART ANTENNAS .......................................................................................... 185
7. FREQUENCY REUSE ..................................................................................... 186
7.1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 186
7.1.1. Resource Block Group Reuse Sub-Pattern ............................................ 186
7.2. REUSE PATTERNS........................................................................................... 187
7.2.1. 1x3x1...................................................................................................... 187
7.2.2. 1x3x3...................................................................................................... 188
7.3. CARRIER TO INTERFERENCE PLUS NOISE RATIO ................................................ 190
7.4. LTE METHODS FOR REDUCING LOW CINR IMPACT ........................................... 191
7.4.1. Resource Block Group Assignments...................................................... 191
7.4.2. Frequency Selective Scheduling ............................................................ 191
7.4.3. Inter-Cell Interference Coordination (ICIC) ............................................. 191
7.5. METHODS TO REDUCE CO-CHANNEL INTERFERENCE ......................................... 193
8. INTER SYSTEM INTERFERENCE.................................................................. 195
8.1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 195
8.1.1. Background ............................................................................................ 195
8.1.2. Controlling Inter-System Interference..................................................... 196
8.1.3. Interference Mechanism: OOBE and Overload ...................................... 196
8.1.4. Coexistence with WiMAX ....................................................................... 197
8.2. REFERENCES ................................................................................................. 203
9. INTER-TECHNOLOGY ANTENNA SHARING................................................. 204
9.1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 204
9.2. INTER-MODULATION......................................................................................... 206
9.2.1. Nonlinear Junctions ................................................................................ 207
9.2.2. Harmonics .............................................................................................. 207
9.2.3. Inter-modulation mixing products ........................................................... 208
9.3. GATHERING CUSTOMER INFORMATION.............................................................. 211
9.3.1. Legacy Technology Configuration .......................................................... 212
9.3.2. LTE Requirements.................................................................................. 212
9.4. DETERMINE GEOGRAPHICAL REGION................................................................ 213
9.4.1. EMEA – Europe-Middle East - Africa...................................................... 213
9.4.2. NA/SA – North America – South America .............................................. 214
9.4.3. APAC – Asia - Pacific ............................................................................. 214
9.4.4. Antenna Sharing Configuration Repository ............................................ 215
9.5. INTER-SYSTEM FREQUENCY COMPATIBILITY ...................................................... 215
9.5.1. Known Potential Frequency Conflicts ..................................................... 216
9.5.1.1. Between LTE Upper 700 MHz (E-UTRA Band 12) and Lower 700 MHz
(E-UTRA Band 14) ............................................................................................. 216
9.5.1.2. Between 850 MHz Cellular (E-UTRA Band 5) and AWS (E-UTRA Band
4) 216
9.5.1.3. Between PCS Bands (E-UTRA Band 2) and AWS (E-UTRA Band 4) 216
9.5.1.4. Between a Legacy system and LTE within certain PCS blocks .......... 217
9.6. SELECTING OPTIMAL ANTENNA SHARING GOALS............................................... 217
9.7. RE-MINING SPECTRUM .................................................................................... 218
9.7.1. Separate Base Station Transmitters....................................................... 218
9.7.2. Common Base Station Equipment ......................................................... 219
9.8. TDD WITH FDD.............................................................................................. 221
9.9. FINE TUNING ANTENNA CONFIGURATIONS......................................................... 222
9.9.1. Tower Top Amplifiers.............................................................................. 222
9.9.2. Antenna Downtilt .................................................................................... 223
9.10. TECHNICAL COMPATIBILITY TOPICS FOR REFERENCE......................................... 224
9.10.1. Combining Loss...................................................................................... 224
9.10.2. Guard Bands .......................................................................................... 224
9.10.3. Duo-Band / Wide Band Antennas........................................................... 224
9.10.4. Splitters / Combiners / Filters ................................................................. 225
9.10.5. Transmit Sideband Noise ....................................................................... 225
10. OTHER RF RELATED PLANNING ITEMS ...................................................... 227
10.1. PHYSICAL CELL IDENTITY................................................................................. 227
10.2. ROOT SEQUENCE ........................................................................................... 228

AAAAhhh. Thats a very long list.

[pathloss]

I'm sorry to say it, but me to I have an error on decompression.

[louvre]

Bummer,

I am re uploading the files now. Sorry if caused you guys problem. hope this work.

[pathloss]

Thank you very much for your effort. I tryed to decompress the file in osx and in winxp, both do fail. (unkowen compression methode)


Bummer,

I am re uploading the files now. Sorry if caused you guys problem. hope this work.

[uel888]

use 7-zip freeware. fyi


Thank you very much for your effort. I tryed to decompress the file in osx and in winxp, both do fail. (unkowen compression methode)

[kimjosh]

Theres an error extracting the file sir,is there any way we can get this useful guide?:L

[louvre]

Now if this Doesn't work then it bugged somewhere because it opening nicely in my computer.

[jbada]

Hi

Please be aware that you have to open with 7-zip to avoid error

[labviewlover]

for the record, all files uploaded by our friend are working fine.
no problem at all!

regards

[yurii]

I have the same problem ... :(

[sheb2004]

for all those who have problem of any kind like errors or crc failed try to repair it in the tool menu of winrar becoz there is nthng wrong while the extraction.


REALLY NEED APPRECIATION AND THANKING

[labviewlover]

for all those who have problem of any kind like errors or crc failed try to repair it in the tool menu of winrar becoz there is nthng wrong while the extraction.




winRAR + 7zip...both are working fine...if problem persists, try to use rar-repair software..

regards

[sheb2004]

SIR,,

NO NEED FOR ANY EXTERNAL SOFTWARE.ITS IN THE TOOL MENU OF WINRAR..

BEING A JUNIOR REALLY NEED REPUTATION & APPRECIATION

[mgaloi]

Hi,
for those having pronlem opening this file, here is an external link :

"hxxp://www.4shared.com/document/M3NxFTql/LTE_RF_Planning_Guide.html"

just change the "xx" with "tt".

[jasonrf]

Hi, I do not understand what do you mean by changing to tt.

[labviewlover]

Hi, I do not understand what do you mean by changing to tt.

he's talking about the URL address sweety...look at hxxp...change to http;)

regards

[rkdrkd]

Hi, I do not understand what do you mean by changing to tt.
Check the same link
LTE RF Planning Guide.pdf - 4shared.com - document sharing - download (http://www.4shared.com/document/M3NxFTql/LTE_RF_Planning_Guide.html)

[soxibro]

please help me get the password to open the encrypted zip file. thank you

[nitailor]

Some error with the extract...can u reupload???


Hi,

Please find the RF planning guidelines from Motorolla. I was reading through it and found it interesting read and someone of us has been looking for such a Guide.

Appreciate some reputation for it.

Nsn@12345678

[ahmedtaha]

Some error with the extract...can u reupload???

hi nitailor (http://www.finetopix.com/member.php?14454-nitailor)

here is this link....but thanks " louvre"

http://www.4shared.com/file/1JdIsc-w/LTE_RF_Planning_Guide2.html

[louvre]

hi nitailor (http://www.finetopix.com/member.php?14454-nitailor)

here is this link....but thanks " louvre"

http://www.4shared.com/file/1JdIsc-w/LTE_RF_Planning_Guide2.html





Hi Ahmedtaha,

thanks for uploading it to another server. if anyone having problem with opening file open using 7zip!! it will not give error. :)

[D33T0X]

I can't unzip either... will try again

[MohamedFM]

Thx louvre and ahmedtaha :)