duongha86
2010-12-13, 06:34 PM
Dear All,
This Doc is useful for RF eng. Use my defaul PW.
BRs,
UM4801-IG.en.A4
Issue a
October 2005
Contents
About this information product
Objectives ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... xiii
Reason for reissue .................................................................................................................................................................................... xiii
How to use this information product ............................................................................................................................................ xiii
Conventions used ...................................................................................................................................................................................... xiii
Related documentation ........................................................................................................................................................................... xiii
Related training ........................................................................................................................................................................................... xiv
How to comment ....................................................................................................................................................................................... xiv
Course plan prologue
Course plan prologue ................................................................................................................................................................................ xv
Part I: Optimization concepts
1 Introduction to optimization
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1-1
What is optimization? ............................................................................................................................................................................. 1-2
Why optimize a network ? .................................................................................................................................................................. 1-4
When to optimize a network ? ......................................................................................................................................................... 1-6
Exercises ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1-8
2 Information sources and tools
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2-1
Gathering information
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2-2
Key Performance Indicators ............................................................................................................................................................... 2-3
................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
iii
Drive test ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2-4
Customer complaints ............................................................................................................................................................................... 2-6
OMC-U tools ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 2-7
Analyzing information
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2-8
Data analysis software ........................................................................................................................................................................... 2-9
Exercises ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2-12
3 Common optimization problems and their solutions
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 3-1
RF coverage problem ............................................................................................................................................................................. 3-2
Cell breathing problem .......................................................................................................................................................................... 3-4
Pilot pollution problem .......................................................................................................................................................................... 3-6
Near-far problem ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 3-8
Around-the-corner problem ................................................................................................................................................................. 3-9
Handover problem ................................................................................................................................................................................. 3-10
Missing neighbors problem .............................................................................................................................................................. 3-11
Exercises ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3-13
4 UTRAN Signaling
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 4-1
Protocol architecture of the air interface
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 4-2
Protocols of the air interface .............................................................................................................................................................. 4-3
Radio interface protocol architecture ............................................................................................................................................ 4-5
Service access points .............................................................................................................................................................................. 4-7
Air interface protocols
Overview ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4-10
RRC Connection and Signaling Connection .......................................................................................................................... 4-11
Signaling radio bearers ....................................................................................................................................................................... 4-12
Contents
................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Radio bearer establishment .............................................................................................................................................................. 4-15
Exercises ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4-18
Part II: Optimization process
5 Optimization process
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 5-1
Lifecycle ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5-2
Optimization process phases .............................................................................................................................................................. 5-4
Drive test optimization process ........................................................................................................................................................ 5-7
Planning and preparation (site readiness) .................................................................................................................................. 5-9
Optimization planning ......................................................................................................................................................................... 5-11
Perform cluster optimization ........................................................................................................................................................... 5-13
Perform system verification ............................................................................................................................................................. 5-16
Information gathering .......................................................................................................................................................................... 5-18
Information analysis ............................................................................................................................................................................. 5-19
Exercises ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5-20
Part III: Optimization and troubleshooting
6 Call availability and optimization
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 6-1
Call availability
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 6-3
Call availability .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 6-4
Determination of accessibility problem ....................................................................................................................................... 6-6
Network level accessibility
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 6-7
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6-8
Cell Search & RRC SIB decoding ................................................................................................................................................. 6-9
Cell selection ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 6-10
Cell re-selection failures .................................................................................................................................................................... 6-12
Contents
................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
v
RACH access procedure failures .................................................................................................................................................. 6-14
RRC connection establishment analysis
Overview ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6-17
Introduction to RRC connection establishment .................................................................................................................... 6-18
Call admission control failures ...................................................................................................................................................... 6-20
Radio link setup failure ...................................................................................................................................................................... 6-21
RRC connection setup failure ......................................................................................................................................................... 6-23
Paging failures .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 6-26
RAB establishment analysis
Overview ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6-28
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 6-29
Dynamic bearer control failures .................................................................................................................................................... 6-32
Radio link reconfiguration failures .............................................................................................................................................. 6-33
Radio bearer establishment failures ............................................................................................................................................ 6-34
No answer from UE ............................................................................................................................................................................. 6-35
Code starvation ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 6-36
Exercises ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6-37
7 Call reliability
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 7-1
Dropped calls analysis ......................................................................................................................................................................... 7-2
Radio link failures analysis due to synchronization issues .............................................................................................. 7-5
RLF and Radio Link Restore in the Uplink .............................................................................................................................. 7-6
RLF and Radio Link Restore in the Downlink ....................................................................................................................... 7-8
RLF failure: Poor RF coverage ........................................................................................................................................................ 7-9
RLF failure: Poor PSC plan ............................................................................................................................................................ 7-10
RLF failure: Pilot pollution and Around-the-Corner problem ..................................................................................... 7-11
RLF failure: Poorly defined neighbor list ............................................................................................................................... 7-12
RLF failure: Improved Aggregate Overload Control ........................................................................................................ 7-13
Contents
................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Failures on RLC ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 7-14
Network interface outages ................................................................................................................................................................ 7-16
Network level retainability KPIs .................................................................................................................................................. 7-18
Exercises ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7-19
8 Call quality and optimization
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 8-1
Network level quality KPIs .............................................................................................................................................................. 8-2
Uplink Block Error Rate (BLER) ................................................................................................................................................... 8-4
Downlink Block Error Rate (BLER) ............................................................................................................................................ 8-6
Quality of Service (QoS) ...................................................................................................................................................................... 8-8
Exercises ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8-11
9 Call mobility and optimization
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 9-1
Soft/Softer Handover
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 9-3
Soft/Softer Handover failure classification ............................................................................................................................... 9-4
Soft/softer handover failures in non-CELL DCH state ...................................................................................................... 9-5
Soft/softer handover failures in CELL DCH state ................................................................................................................ 9-8
Poor RF conditions ................................................................................................................................................................................ 9-10
Node B resource dry-up ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9-11
Transport resources dry-up ............................................................................................................................................................... 9-12
No UE answer .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 9-13
UE reject ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9-14
Hardware or link outage .................................................................................................................................................................... 9-16
Incorrect translation settings -Overview .................................................................................................................................. 9-17
Incorrect translations settings - measurement and reporting ........................................................................................ 9-18
Incorrect translation settings - Neighbor List Selection Algorithm ......................................................................... 9-20
Incorrect translation settings - Active Set Update procedure ....................................................................................... 9-21
Contents
................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
vii
UMTS to GSM handover
Overview ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9-22
Inter-system handover failures - overview .............................................................................................................................. 9-23
Relocation failures ................................................................................................................................................................................. 9-25
Handover procedure failures ........................................................................................................................................................... 9-26
Release procedure failures ................................................................................................................................................................ 9-30
Location and Routing area update
Overview ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9-31
Location update failure ....................................................................................................................................................................... 9-32
Routing update failure ......................................................................................................................................................................... 9-34
Exercises ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9-36
10 UTRAN end-to-end key performance indicators
Overview ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10-1
KPIs for the Circuit Switched domain
Overview ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10-3
KPI for Mobile-originated end-to-end call setup in the Circuit Switched domain ........................................ 10-4
KPI for Mobile-terminated end-to-end call setup in the Circuit Switched domain ....................................... 10-9
KPI for end-to-end call drops in the Circuit Switched domain ............................................................................... 10-14
KPIs for the Packet Switched domain
Overview ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10-18
KPI for Mobile-originated end-to-end call setup in the Packet Switched domain ...................................... 10-19
KPI for Mobile-terminated end-to-end call setup in the Packet Switched domain ..................................... 10-24
KPI for end-to-end call drops in the Packet Switched domain ............................................................................... 10-30
KPIs for Quality of Service monitoring
Overview ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10-35
KPIs for Quality of Service monitoring in the CS domain ....................................................................................... 10-36
KPIs for Quality of Service monitoring in the PS domain ........................................................................................ 10-38
Contents
................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Exercises ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10-40
Index
Contents
................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
This Doc is useful for RF eng. Use my defaul PW.
BRs,
UM4801-IG.en.A4
Issue a
October 2005
Contents
About this information product
Objectives ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... xiii
Reason for reissue .................................................................................................................................................................................... xiii
How to use this information product ............................................................................................................................................ xiii
Conventions used ...................................................................................................................................................................................... xiii
Related documentation ........................................................................................................................................................................... xiii
Related training ........................................................................................................................................................................................... xiv
How to comment ....................................................................................................................................................................................... xiv
Course plan prologue
Course plan prologue ................................................................................................................................................................................ xv
Part I: Optimization concepts
1 Introduction to optimization
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1-1
What is optimization? ............................................................................................................................................................................. 1-2
Why optimize a network ? .................................................................................................................................................................. 1-4
When to optimize a network ? ......................................................................................................................................................... 1-6
Exercises ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1-8
2 Information sources and tools
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2-1
Gathering information
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2-2
Key Performance Indicators ............................................................................................................................................................... 2-3
................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
iii
Drive test ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2-4
Customer complaints ............................................................................................................................................................................... 2-6
OMC-U tools ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 2-7
Analyzing information
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2-8
Data analysis software ........................................................................................................................................................................... 2-9
Exercises ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2-12
3 Common optimization problems and their solutions
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 3-1
RF coverage problem ............................................................................................................................................................................. 3-2
Cell breathing problem .......................................................................................................................................................................... 3-4
Pilot pollution problem .......................................................................................................................................................................... 3-6
Near-far problem ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 3-8
Around-the-corner problem ................................................................................................................................................................. 3-9
Handover problem ................................................................................................................................................................................. 3-10
Missing neighbors problem .............................................................................................................................................................. 3-11
Exercises ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3-13
4 UTRAN Signaling
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 4-1
Protocol architecture of the air interface
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 4-2
Protocols of the air interface .............................................................................................................................................................. 4-3
Radio interface protocol architecture ............................................................................................................................................ 4-5
Service access points .............................................................................................................................................................................. 4-7
Air interface protocols
Overview ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4-10
RRC Connection and Signaling Connection .......................................................................................................................... 4-11
Signaling radio bearers ....................................................................................................................................................................... 4-12
Contents
................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Radio bearer establishment .............................................................................................................................................................. 4-15
Exercises ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4-18
Part II: Optimization process
5 Optimization process
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 5-1
Lifecycle ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5-2
Optimization process phases .............................................................................................................................................................. 5-4
Drive test optimization process ........................................................................................................................................................ 5-7
Planning and preparation (site readiness) .................................................................................................................................. 5-9
Optimization planning ......................................................................................................................................................................... 5-11
Perform cluster optimization ........................................................................................................................................................... 5-13
Perform system verification ............................................................................................................................................................. 5-16
Information gathering .......................................................................................................................................................................... 5-18
Information analysis ............................................................................................................................................................................. 5-19
Exercises ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5-20
Part III: Optimization and troubleshooting
6 Call availability and optimization
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 6-1
Call availability
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 6-3
Call availability .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 6-4
Determination of accessibility problem ....................................................................................................................................... 6-6
Network level accessibility
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 6-7
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6-8
Cell Search & RRC SIB decoding ................................................................................................................................................. 6-9
Cell selection ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 6-10
Cell re-selection failures .................................................................................................................................................................... 6-12
Contents
................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
v
RACH access procedure failures .................................................................................................................................................. 6-14
RRC connection establishment analysis
Overview ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6-17
Introduction to RRC connection establishment .................................................................................................................... 6-18
Call admission control failures ...................................................................................................................................................... 6-20
Radio link setup failure ...................................................................................................................................................................... 6-21
RRC connection setup failure ......................................................................................................................................................... 6-23
Paging failures .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 6-26
RAB establishment analysis
Overview ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6-28
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 6-29
Dynamic bearer control failures .................................................................................................................................................... 6-32
Radio link reconfiguration failures .............................................................................................................................................. 6-33
Radio bearer establishment failures ............................................................................................................................................ 6-34
No answer from UE ............................................................................................................................................................................. 6-35
Code starvation ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 6-36
Exercises ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6-37
7 Call reliability
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 7-1
Dropped calls analysis ......................................................................................................................................................................... 7-2
Radio link failures analysis due to synchronization issues .............................................................................................. 7-5
RLF and Radio Link Restore in the Uplink .............................................................................................................................. 7-6
RLF and Radio Link Restore in the Downlink ....................................................................................................................... 7-8
RLF failure: Poor RF coverage ........................................................................................................................................................ 7-9
RLF failure: Poor PSC plan ............................................................................................................................................................ 7-10
RLF failure: Pilot pollution and Around-the-Corner problem ..................................................................................... 7-11
RLF failure: Poorly defined neighbor list ............................................................................................................................... 7-12
RLF failure: Improved Aggregate Overload Control ........................................................................................................ 7-13
Contents
................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Failures on RLC ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 7-14
Network interface outages ................................................................................................................................................................ 7-16
Network level retainability KPIs .................................................................................................................................................. 7-18
Exercises ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7-19
8 Call quality and optimization
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 8-1
Network level quality KPIs .............................................................................................................................................................. 8-2
Uplink Block Error Rate (BLER) ................................................................................................................................................... 8-4
Downlink Block Error Rate (BLER) ............................................................................................................................................ 8-6
Quality of Service (QoS) ...................................................................................................................................................................... 8-8
Exercises ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8-11
9 Call mobility and optimization
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 9-1
Soft/Softer Handover
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 9-3
Soft/Softer Handover failure classification ............................................................................................................................... 9-4
Soft/softer handover failures in non-CELL DCH state ...................................................................................................... 9-5
Soft/softer handover failures in CELL DCH state ................................................................................................................ 9-8
Poor RF conditions ................................................................................................................................................................................ 9-10
Node B resource dry-up ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9-11
Transport resources dry-up ............................................................................................................................................................... 9-12
No UE answer .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 9-13
UE reject ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9-14
Hardware or link outage .................................................................................................................................................................... 9-16
Incorrect translation settings -Overview .................................................................................................................................. 9-17
Incorrect translations settings - measurement and reporting ........................................................................................ 9-18
Incorrect translation settings - Neighbor List Selection Algorithm ......................................................................... 9-20
Incorrect translation settings - Active Set Update procedure ....................................................................................... 9-21
Contents
................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
vii
UMTS to GSM handover
Overview ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9-22
Inter-system handover failures - overview .............................................................................................................................. 9-23
Relocation failures ................................................................................................................................................................................. 9-25
Handover procedure failures ........................................................................................................................................................... 9-26
Release procedure failures ................................................................................................................................................................ 9-30
Location and Routing area update
Overview ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9-31
Location update failure ....................................................................................................................................................................... 9-32
Routing update failure ......................................................................................................................................................................... 9-34
Exercises ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9-36
10 UTRAN end-to-end key performance indicators
Overview ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10-1
KPIs for the Circuit Switched domain
Overview ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10-3
KPI for Mobile-originated end-to-end call setup in the Circuit Switched domain ........................................ 10-4
KPI for Mobile-terminated end-to-end call setup in the Circuit Switched domain ....................................... 10-9
KPI for end-to-end call drops in the Circuit Switched domain ............................................................................... 10-14
KPIs for the Packet Switched domain
Overview ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10-18
KPI for Mobile-originated end-to-end call setup in the Packet Switched domain ...................................... 10-19
KPI for Mobile-terminated end-to-end call setup in the Packet Switched domain ..................................... 10-24
KPI for end-to-end call drops in the Packet Switched domain ............................................................................... 10-30
KPIs for Quality of Service monitoring
Overview ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10-35
KPIs for Quality of Service monitoring in the CS domain ....................................................................................... 10-36
KPIs for Quality of Service monitoring in the PS domain ........................................................................................ 10-38
Contents
................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Exercises ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10-40
Index
Contents
................................................................................................................................................................................................................................